Tugas 4 Softskill ( Adverb & Adjective )

ALDHINA YULIARDANI

20214734

3EB36

Adverb adalah kata yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan kata kerja (verb), kata sifat (adjective), dan adverb lainnya.

Fungsi Adverb : adverb berfungsi sebagai penguat, menyampaikan penekanan lebih kuat atau lebih kecil pada kalimat.

Contoh Adverb :

1.      Adverb of freequency : untuk mengungkapkan seberapa sering kegiatan atau peristiwa dilakukan atau terjadi.

·         She seldom visit his grandmoter in the village.

·         He sometimes feels bored with his work.

·         Tina always took the time to exercise.

·         He hardly ever took the time to talk to his father.

·         I usually wake up at 4 a.m

2.      Adverb of time : untuk menyatakan waktu terjadinya suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.

·         Can you contact me later, i’m busy now.

·         Today, I will go to Singapure.

·         We have visit grandma’s house two days ago.

·         Atika recently arrived in Yogyakarta.

·         She will have dinner at the cafe near her home tomorrow.

3.      Adverb of place : untuk menyatakan tempat dan arah terjadinya suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.

·         He will come here to watch the football macth together.

·         Lina’s office is just south of the Akmal office.

·         Wina hiding under the table.

·         She lives away from her parents.

·         My house faces east.

4.      Adverb of manner : untuk menyatakan cara suatu kegiatan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi.

·         The requirement to join the program is can speak English fluently.

·         The horse runs quickly.

·         My computer shut down automatically.

·         She was very beautifully when she came to the party.

·         The rain came suddenly with the bush.

Adjective adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menerangkan noun (kata benda) atau pronoun (kata ganti beda, misalnya : person, animal, place).

Fungsi Adjective : Adjective berfungsi sebagai penjelas noun, dan untuk membatasi noun.

Contoh Adjective :

1.      1 adjective : kata benda yang digunakan hanya satu kata dalam kalimat.

·         She is a dillegent.

·         The garden was very pretty.

·         I am tired.

·         Desi have little money.

·         Izra doesn’t like bread.

2.      2 adjecive : kata benda yang digunakan hanya dua kata dalam kalimat.

·         She is a dilligent and interesting girl.

·         Today I’m tired and do no want to be disturbed.

·         The garden was very beautiful and comfortabel.

·         He didn’t like bread and softdrink.

·         Tonight is very quite and dark.

3.      3 adjective : kata benda yang digunakan tiga atau lebih kata dalam kalimat.

·         She is beautiful and has long black hair.

·         My sister is not only beautiful and smart, but also tall.

·         Sarah has three children. They are so kind, friendly, and cheap smile.

·         I like the woman, she is pretty, smart, and loves her parent.

·         Kila good at singing, but not good at cooking and cleaning house.

Tugas 3 Softskill (Conditional Type 1, 2, 3)

ALDHINA YULIARDANI

20214734

3EB36

Coffee May Help You Live Longer

Today we have more good news for all our coffee drinkers around the world. Another new study finds that drinking coffee can help you live longer. Wow!!!

Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health recently discovered that drinking between three and five cups of coffee a day may prevent certain illnesses. They found that coffee can protect against heart disease, brain diseases, type 2 diabetes and suicide.

Walter Willett is a nutrition researcher at Harvard and co-author of the study. Willet says the findings extend to both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee – or decaf, as Americans often call it.

So, the health benefits come not just from the caffeine in coffee, but from the compounds in the beans.

Study methods

The large study of about 200,000 subjects included data from three ongoing studies. Subjects in the study had to answer questions about their coffee drinking habits every four years over a 30-year period.

Researchers found that moderate coffee drinking was linked with a reduced risk of death from many diseases. These diseases include cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s, and suicide.

However, the researchers found no link between coffee drinking and cancer.

Researchers also considered other habits such as smoking, obesity, and how active the subjects were. They also looked at what kinds of food the subjects ate, as well as how much alcohol — and what type of alcohol — they drank.

They published their findings in the journal Circulation.

All things in moderation

This Harvard research adds to a growing body of evidence. This body of evidence finds drinking a moderate of coffee may have many health benefits, including a longer life. This is according to one of the researchers involved in the study.

Frank Hu is senior author of the study. He is also a professor of nutrition and epidemiology. He studies how food affects illness.

Hu adds that data from the study support the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Report. This report found that drinking a moderate amount of coffee can be part of a healthy diet.

But how much and when you drink coffee is important.

You may remember another study we reported on recently. That study said drinking coffee too late in the evening can disrupt your sleep.

Questions

Not everyone feels the recent Harvard study confirms anything.

The news organization NPR spoke with one expert who warns that not everyone reacts to coffee the same way. Andrew Maynard of Arizona State University told NPR that the health benefits documented in this new study are “small.”

Maynard says the study does not prove cause and effect between drinking coffee and living longer. He says the study points to an association, or link, between drinking coffee and living longer.

Even those involved in the research still have questions.

When NPR spoke with study co-author Walter Willett, he said he is not sure how coffee is linked to certain health benefits.

Willett says the take-home message – in other words, the important thing to learn – is that if you like coffee, do not feel guilty about drinking it in moderation. If you don’t like coffee, don’t feel you have to start drinking it to be healthy.

Conditional Type 1 : Peristiwanya belum terjadi sehingga sangat mungkin terjadi apabila syaratnya terpenuhi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan situasi yang belum terjadi di masa sekarang dan akan terjadi di masa depan jika syaratnya terpenuhi.

1. Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health recently discovered that drinking between three and five cups of coffee a day may prevent certain illnesses.

2. Researchers found that moderate coffee drinking was linked with a reduced risk of death from many diseases.

Conditional Type 2 : Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya tidak mungkin terpenuhi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan fakta yang bertolak belakang dengan masa sekarang.

1. However, the researchers found no link between coffee drinking and cancer.

2. Maynard says the study does not prove cause and effect between drinking coffee and living longer.

Conditional Type 3 : Syaratnya tidak mungkin terpenuhi karena terjadi di masa lampau sehingga peristiwanya tidak mungkin terjadi. Kalimat ini digunakan untuk membicarakan harapan yang tidak terwujud di masa lalu.

1. When NPR spoke with study co-author Walter Willett, he said he is not sure how coffee is linked to certain health benefits.

2. If you don’t like coffee, don’t feel you have to start drinking it to be healthy.

Tugas 2 Softskill (Contoh kalimat dan penggunaan Modals)

ALDHINA YULIARDANI

20214734

3EB36

Modal Auxiliary Verb adalah kata yang ditempatkan sebelum kata kerja utama untuk memodifikasi makna dari kata kerja utama tersebut.

Fungsi Modals untuk mengekspresikan kemauan (willingness) atau kemampuan (ability), kebutuhan (necessity), dan kemungkinan (possibility).

1.      Can à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemampuan (ability), dan dapat digunakan untuk meminta izin (permission).

Contoh :

·         You can buy anything with you money, but you can’t buy love.

·         Can i borrow your car for one night?

Could à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemampuan (ability) dimasa lalu, dan dapat digunakan untuk meminta izin (permission) untuk melakukan sesuatu dimasa lalu atau masa depan.

Contoh :

·         When i was young, i could run very fast.

·         Could i use yout computer to print and scan?

Be able to à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemampuan dan kemungkinan. Penggunaan be able lebih terlihat formal dibandingkan can.

Contoh :

·         He is able to fix the car well.

·         I’m able to work independently and in a team.

2.      Shall à digunakan untuk menyatakan simple future dengan menggunakan I dan We, untuk menyatakan suatu rencana, dan untuk memberikan saran.

Contoh :

·         We shall overcome it someday.

·         It’s to hot here. Shall i open the window?

Should à digunakan untuk memberikan saran (suggestion) atau nasihat (advice).

Contoh :

·         You should see the doctor.

·         She should tell me where she will go.

Ought to à digunakan untuk menyatakan apa yang benar atau tepat, dan untuk menyatakan saran.

Contoh :

·         We ought to select the best candidate for the job.

·         He ought not to be here.

3.      May à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan dimasa sekarang atau masa depan (belum terbukti terjadi), dan untuk menyatakan izin (permission) yang lebih formal.

Contoh :

·         Anis doesn’t come to the class, she may get up late.

·         May i meet your mother?

Might à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan dimasa sekarang atau masa depan (tidak terjadi), dan untuk menyatakan izin (permission) yang lebih formal.

Contoh :

·         You might forget the embarassing accident tomorrow.

·         If i have cleaned the room, might i play with my friend?

4.      Will à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemauan (willingness), untuk membuat keputusan secara spontan/tanpa rencana, dan untuk membuat prediksi.

Contoh :

·         Will you marry me?

·         I think i’ll change my apperance.

Would à digunakan untuk menyatakan kemauan (willingness) namun lebih sopan, untuk menyatakan kemungkinan, dan untuk menyatakan tindakan yang ingin dilakukan dimasa lalu.

Contoh :

·         Would you like to see my craft?

·         If you had remembered to invite me, i would have attended your party.

5.      Must à digunakan untuk menyatakan larangan dipadukan dengan (not), dan untuk mengekspresikan kewajiban atau kebutuhan.

Contoh :

·         You look so exhausted. You must haven’t taken a rest.

·         You mustn’t give up.

Have to à digunakan untuk melakukan kegiatan tanggungjawab. Have to seringkali digunakan menggantikan Must.

Contoh :

·         They sometimes have to work on Saturday.

·         Do you have to speak English at work?

Tugas 1 Softskill (Equal Comparisons, Unequal Comparisons, Double Comparative, Superlative)

Aldhina Yuliardani

20214734

3EB36

Equal Comparisons

1.      Does Raffi Ahmad drive as fast as Denny Cagur?

2.     Carrots are known to contain a lot vitamin A, but not as much as strawberry.

3.      You study as frequently as he.

Unequal Comparisons

1.      The forecast for today is brighter than yesterday.

2.     Riko was more interested in studying speaking than learning grammar.

3.      This house looks more comfortable than my old house.

Double Comparative

1.      The higher an expectation, then be prepared for a regret.

2.      The research is getting more and more interesting.

3.    Conflicts that occur in the movie is getting more and more interesting.

Superlative

1.      Great! I think your home is the most modern home in Bandung.

2.      I am the youngest of all the students.

3.      I speak English the most fluently in the office